A former member of the Black Panthers was released from prison on Feb. 19 after having spent a record 43 years in solitary confinement. Albert Woodfox [4] had been held in solitary confinement [5] since 1972 after being charged and convicted of fatally stabbing a prison guard. Authorities first moved Woodfox to isolation in the Louisiana State Penitentiary at Angola and later to "closed-cell restriction" at state jails. In June a federal judge ordered [6] that Woodfox be unconditionally released, which included strong language barring any further trials on the original charges of murdering prison guard Brent Miller. He was able to be released after striking a deal in which he plead "no contest" to two lesser charges.
The legality of solitary confinement has been an ongoing debate in the US, with many calling for comprehensive prison reform [7]. Last month President Barack Obama announced a ban [8] on the federal prison system's use of solitary confinement for juveniles. In September the Association of State Correctional Administrators [9], in partnership with the Arthur Liman Public Interest Program [10] at Yale Law School released a report (PDF [11]) estimating that between 80,000 to 100,000 prisoners were in what correctional officials call "restrictive housing" in 2014. Also in September California agreed [12] to restrict use of solitary confinement based on a class action lawsuit filed by the Center for Constitutional Rights. In March the US Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit ruled (PDF [13]) that Virginia could continue to automatically house death row inmates in solitary confinement.
From Jurist [14], Feb. 21. Used with permission.
Note: The last imprisoned member of the "Angola 3 [15]," Woodfox was freed on his 69th birthday. Cases from the Panther era, often frame-ups deriving from the FBI's COINTELPRO [16] operations, continue to stir controversy [17] in American political culture. The use of solitary confinement and other harsh disciplinary measures sparked a wave of prison hunger strikes [18] in California in 2013.
